Conversely, even clearly infectious diseases do not always meet the infectious criteria; for example, Treponema pallidum, the causative spirochete of syphilis, cannot be cultured in vitro however the organism can be cultured in rabbit testes. Amid rising prices and economic uncertaintyas well as deep partisan divisions over social and political issuesCalifornians are processing a great deal of information to help them choose state constitutional officers and Almost all cells readily stain with a number of basic dyes due to the electrostatic attraction between negatively charged cellular molecules and the positive charge on the dye. The letter y has double function (modifying the vowel as well as being pronounced as [j] or [i]) in the words payer, balayer, moyen, essuyer, pays, etc., but in some words it has only a single function: [j] in bayer, mayonnaise, coyote; modifying the vowel at the end of proper names like Chardonnay and Fourcroy. The ad depicted a man and a woman, with the woman looking away from the man, and it was captioned "Spike your best friends eggnog when theyre not looking". fol. In chronic infection, symptoms usually develop gradually over weeks or months and are slow to resolve. Is it defense or defence? During China's Cultural Revolution, nearly all Tibet's monasteries were ransacked and destroyed by the Red Guards. As of 2014, Canadians are drinking less store-bought eggnog. The infections from both tyrannosaurs were received by being bitten during a fight, like the Herrerasaurus specimen. Losar is the Tibetan New Year Festival. 347348. In an acute infection, symptoms develop rapidly; its course can either be rapid or protracted. How can we locate differences between players of singing bowls or didgeridoos? California voters have now received their mail ballots, and the November 8 general election has entered its final stage. Some viruses once acquired never leave the body. Infections can be caused by a wide range of pathogens, most prominently bacteria and viruses. [94], From January 1820, 2010, a national conference on Tibet and areas inhabited by Tibetans in Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu and Qinghai was held in China and a plan to improve development of the areas was announced. There are some viruses that can maintain a persistent infection by infecting different cells of the body. The Qing imperial resident, known as the Amban, publicly repudiated the treaty, while the British government, eager for friendly relations with China, negotiated a new treaty two years later known as the Convention Between Great Britain and China Respecting Tibet. Throughout Canada, the United States and some European countries, eggnog is traditionally consumed over the Christmas season, from late October until the end of the holiday season. Password requirements: 6 to 30 characters long; ASCII characters only (characters found on a standard US keyboard); must contain at least 4 different symbols; [34][35] There is still a small number of evidence that partially suggests a link between virulence and transmissibility.[36][37][38]. [64] There are other forms of prevention such as avoiding the use of illicit drugs, using a condom, wearing gloves, and having a healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet and regular exercise. [66] Also, this virus must spread through skin lesions or permeable membranes such as the eye. "Nanchao and Tibet in South-western China and Central Asia. According to Matthew Kapstein: From the perspective of historical linguistics, Tibetan most closely resembles Burmese among the major languages of Asia. Microsoft says a Sony deal with Activision stops Call of Duty 96125. In any bit of formal writing, defense is not to be used as a verb. Higher pathogen load is also associated with more collectivism and less individualism, which may limit contacts with outside groups and infections. Monks and nuns who refused to denounce the Dalai Lama have been expelled from their monasteries, imprisoned, and tortured. Tibet has numerous high-altitude lakes referred to in Tibetan as tso or co. It can also represent Tudor and Revived Late Cornish [] and [e] and consequently be replaced in writing with e. Culture allows identification of infectious organisms by examining their microscopic features, by detecting the presence of substances produced by pathogens, and by directly identifying an organism by its genotype. Tibet has some of the world's tallest mountains, with several of them making the top ten list. It is also used for the sound /j/ in loanwords, such as Yacht (variation spelling: Jacht), Yak, Yeti; however, e.g. In 1578, Altan Khan of the Tmed Mongols gave Sonam Gyatso, a high lama of the Gelugpa school, the name Dalai Lama, Dalai being the Mongolian translation of the Tibetan name Gyatso "Ocean".[35]. This is referred to as colonization. Windows, furniture, and crockery were smashed; banisters were torn from walls, fights broke out. This spelling was reformed by the Royal Spanish Academy and currently is only found in proper names spelled archaically, such as Ybarra or CYII, the symbol of the Canal de Isabel II. [16] When the supply of rum to the newly founded United States was reduced as a consequence of the American Revolutionary War, Americans turned to domestic whiskey, and eventually bourbon in particular, as a substitute. Add milk and cream, slowly beating. The music of Tibet reflects the cultural heritage of the trans-Himalayan region, centered in Tibet but also known wherever ethnic Tibetan groups are found in India, Bhutan, Nepal and further abroad. [24] By the 1st century BCE, a neighboring kingdom arose in the Yarlung valley, and the Yarlung king, Drigum Tsenpo, attempted to remove the influence of the Zhang Zhung by expelling the Zhang's Bn priests from Yarlung. The clearance of the pathogens, either treatment-induced or spontaneous, it can be influenced by the genetic variants carried by the individual patients. [39] Tibet was dominated by the Manchus in various stages in the 18th century, and the years immediately following the 1792 regulations were the peak of the Qing imperial commissioners' authority; but there was no attempt to make Tibet a Chinese province. On the one hand, the Central Tibetan Administration of the Dalai Lama accuses China of actively swamping Tibet with migrants in order to alter Tibet's demographic makeup. pronunciation Dominica (/ d m n i k / or / d m n k / (); Kalinago: Waitu kubuli; French: Dominique; Dominican Creole French: Dominik), officially the Commonwealth of Dominica, is an island country in the Caribbean. [5] In Faroese, the letter is simply called seinna i ("later i") because of its later place in the alphabet. Several human activities have led to the emergence of zoonotic human pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and rickettsia,[92] and spread of vector-borne diseases,[91] see also globalization and disease and wildlife disease: In Antiquity, the Greek historian Thucydides (c.460 c.400 BCE) was the first person to write, in his account of the plague of Athens, that diseases could spread from an infected person to others. More controversial is the theory that the Tibeto-Burman family is itself part of a larger language family, called Sino-Tibetan, and that through it Tibetan and Burmese are distant cousins of Chinese.[18]. Join LiveJournal A mixed infection is an infection that is caused by two or more pathogens. The Qing commander publicly executed a number of supporters of the rebels and, as in 1723 and 1728, made changes in the political structure and drew up a formal organization plan. [124][125], Proselytising has been illegal in China since 1949. [36] Meanwhile, the Qing government sent resident commissioners called Ambans to Lhasa. (Jan., 1960), pp. This prompted yet another Qing reorganization of the Tibetan government, this time through a written plan called the "Twenty-Nine Regulations for Better Government in Tibet". Source 1: China Meteorological Administration. There is usually an indication for a specific identification of an infectious agent only when such identification can aid in the treatment or prevention of the disease, or to advance knowledge of the course of an illness prior to the development of effective therapeutic or preventative measures. Wound colonization refers to non-replicating microorganisms within the wound, while in infected wounds, replicating organisms exist and tissue is injured. But once the process of fragmentation began, the empire divided into a variety of territories. Forbes, Andrew; Henley, David (2011). This name first appears in Chinese characters as in the 7th century (Li Tai) and as in the 10th-century (Old Book of Tang, describing 608609 emissaries from Tibetan King Namri Songtsen to Emperor Yang of Sui). [100][101][102] A few monasteries have begun to rebuild since the 1980s (with limited support from the Chinese government) and greater religious freedom has been granted although it is still limited. The meaning of RAW is not cooked. Defense (spelled with an s) should be used in American English. The letter Y was used to represent the sound /y/ in the writing systems of some other languages that adopted the Latin alphabet. In the US, FDA regulations only require that 1.0 percent of a product's final weight be made up of egg yolk solids for it to bear the eggnog name. The bug is later inspected for growth of T. cruzi within its gut. For example, Clostridium tetani releases a toxin that paralyzes muscles, and staphylococcus releases toxins that produce shock and sepsis. Not all infectious agents cause disease in all hosts. Second, an infectious agent must grow within the human body to cause disease; essentially it must amplify its own nucleic acids in order to cause a disease. Indirect contact such as airborne transmission, contaminated objects, food and drinking water, animal person contact, animal reservoirs, insect bites, and environmental reservoirs are another way infectious diseases are transmitted. Definition of flavour_1 noun in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. It is divided between the outer White Palace, which serves as the administrative quarters, and the inner Red Quarters, which houses the assembly hall of the Lamas, chapels, 10,000 shrines, and a vast library of Buddhist scriptures. Key Findings. [3], In Latin, Y was named I graeca ("Greek I"), since the classical Greek sound /y/, similar to modern German or French u, was not a native sound for Latin speakers, and the letter was initially only used to spell foreign words. Learn more. [55], Among the many varieties of microorganisms, relatively few cause disease in otherwise healthy individuals. Also for encodings based on ASCII, including the DOS, Windows, ISO-8859 and Macintosh families of encodings. Bacteria such as Mycobacterium leprae and Treponema pallidum can be grown in animals, although serological and microscopic techniques make the use of live animals unnecessary. "[13] CNN states that a "relatively small four-ounce [120mL] cup of store-bought eggnog boasts a whopping 170 kilocalories [710 kilojoules] (half of them from fat), nearly 10 grams of fat, and over 70mg of cholesterol[, which is] around a quarter of your recommended daily intake of cholesterol. Viral Infections Do You Know the Difference? [24] In the 2000s, low-fat and sugar-free commercial versions are available using sugar substitutes and skimmed or low fat milk.[29]. The use of needle exchange programs in areas with a high density of drug users with HIV is an example of the successful implementation of this treatment method. As a consonant, it represents the palatal approximant. [87], Forty percent of the rural cash income in the Tibet Autonomous Region is derived from the harvesting of the fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis (formerly Cordyceps sinensis); contributing at least 1.8billion yuan, (US$225million) to the region's GDP. [24] Concerns about the safety of raw eggs may be another reason for the decline in homemade eggnog making.[24]. For example, it is called Ypsilon in German, ypsilon in Dutch, ufsilon i in Icelandic. (German has used j in a similar way.) [citation needed] Thangkas are Tibet's traditional cloth paintings. In the English writing system, it mostly represents a vowel and seldom a consonant, and in other orthographies it may represent a vowel or a consonant. It is, occasionally, used in sports related contexts to mean, defend against.. Some viral infections can also be latent, examples of latent viral infections are any of those from the Herpesviridae family. "The Ritual Music of Tibet. 1. Immunoassay B on the other hand may detect or measure antibodies produced by an organism's immune system that are made to neutralize and allow the destruction of the virus. [11], As bacterial and viral infections can both cause the same kinds of symptoms, it can be difficult to distinguish which is the cause of a specific infection. Primary pathogens may also cause more severe disease in a host with depressed resistance than would normally occur in an immunosufficient host. Tibetan cultural influences extend to the neighboring states of Bhutan, Nepal, regions of India such as Sikkim, Ladakh, Lahaul, and Spiti, Northern Pakistan Baltistan or Balti-yul in addition to designated Tibetan autonomous areas in adjacent Chinese provinces. Acidophilus milk, a fermented milk product, has been used to make eggnog. The letters i and y are regarded as phonemically not dissimilar, though the first corresponds to a vowel and the latter to a consonant, and both can correspond to a semivowel depending on its place in a word. Low temperatures are prevalent throughout these western regions, where bleak desolation is unrelieved by any vegetation bigger than a low bush, and where the wind sweeps unchecked across vast expanses of arid plain. The fiqh scholar Ibn al-Haj al-Abdari (c.12501336), while discussing Islamic diet and hygiene, gave warnings about how contagion can contaminate water, food, and garments, and could spread through the water supply, and may have implied contagion to be unseen particles.[101]. Technologies based upon the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method will become nearly ubiquitous gold standards of diagnostics of the near future, for several reasons. [18] All multicellular organisms are colonized to some degree by extrinsic organisms, and the vast majority of these exist in either a mutualistic or commensal relationship with the host. Acids, alcohols and gases are usually detected in these tests when bacteria are grown in selective liquid or solid media. The current borders of Tibet were generally established in the 18th century. Resistance to infection (immunity) may be acquired following a disease, by asymptomatic carriage of the pathogen, by harboring an organism with a similar structure (crossreacting), or by vaccination. [127] Other Muslim ethnic groups who have long inhabited Tibet include Hui, Salar, Dongxiang and Bonan. The team went undefeated in 1963, earning the academy its first-ever post-season bowl appearance. Since brandy and wine were heavily taxed, rum from the Atlantic slave trade with the Caribbean was a cost-effective substitute. Anyone who has travelled between the USA and the UK can tell you that the first thing most people notice is the difference in accents and pronunciation. The British Empire was expanding its territories in India into the Himalayas, while the Emirate of Afghanistan and the Russian Empire were both doing likewise in Central Asia. In Icelandic writing system, due to the loss of the Old Norse rounding of the vowel /y/, the letters y and are now pronounced identically to the letters i and , namely as // and /i/ respectively. When people make homemade alcoholic eggnog, or when they add spirits to commercially prepared eggnog, in some cases, the drink has a very high alcohol content; one columnist states that in his family Christmas tradition, "it's not eggnog unless you can set fire to it", due to high alcohol percentage. From this chamber they managed to recover some unbroken bowls and jars. In Aymara, Indonesian/Malaysian, Turkish, Quechua and the romanization of Japanese, y is always a palatal consonant, denoting [j], as in English. Haitian Revolution Snow leopards are hunted for their fur and the eggs of black-necked cranes have been collected as a delicacy food. Other forms, particularly Dzongkha, Sikkimese, Sherpa, and Ladakhi, are considered by their speakers, largely for political reasons, to be separate languages. [56] This process requires immune mechanisms to kill or inactivate the inoculum of the pathogen. Signal of unknowns can be compared to that of standards allowing quantitation of the target antigen. Thus, a contagious disease is a subset of infectious disease that is especially infective or easily transmitted. (1976). These tests are based upon the ability of an antibody to bind specifically to an antigen. Severe infections of the brain are usually treated with intravenous antibiotics. [48], The isolation of enzymes from infected tissue can also provide the basis of a biochemical diagnosis of an infectious disease. These chants are complex, often recitations of sacred texts or in celebration of various festivals. Infectious diseases are commonly transmitted from person to person through direct contact. meaning Its name in English is wye[2] (pronounced /wa/), plural wyes. 6263. [56] Infectious disease results from the interplay between those few pathogens and the defenses of the hosts they infect. Many of the most common primary pathogens of humans only infect humans, however, many serious diseases are caused by organisms acquired from the environment or that infect non-human hosts. This finding, originally reported in Nature,[70] showed that genotype 1 hepatitis C patients carrying certain genetic variant alleles near the IL28B gene are more possibly to achieve sustained virological response after the treatment than others. [6] Alternatively, nog may stem from noggin, a Middle English term for a small, carved wooden mug used to serve alcohol. We believe in the power of language education to build connections, forge opportunities and enrich lives. However, they can do the task when the bowls contain numerals, which they are already trained to understand. "While culinary historians debate its exact lineage, most agree eggnog originated from the early medieval" British drink called posset,[13] which was made with hot milk[7] that was curdled with wine or ale and flavored with spices. Lhasa is Tibet's traditional capital and the capital of Tibet Autonomous Region. The period that followed is known traditionally as the Era of Fragmentation, when political control over Tibet became divided between regional warlords and tribes with no dominant centralized authority. They can be local at times as in viral, The classic symptoms of a bacterial infection are localized redness, heat, swelling and pain. The Qinghai Lake (Koko Nor) is the largest lake in the People's Republic of China. Defence For example, the use of antibodies made artificially fluorescent (fluorescently labeled antibodies) can be directed to bind to and identify a specific antigens present on a pathogen. This article is about the historical ethno-cultural concept of Tibet. In Afrikaans, it denotes the diphthong [i]. tienne de la Vaissire, "The Triple System of Orography in Ptolemy's Xinjiang", Helmut Hoffman in McKay 2003 vol. [28][29], For infecting organisms to survive and repeat the infection cycle in other hosts, they (or their progeny) must leave an existing reservoir and cause infection elsewhere. If you are thinking about learning English abroad in either the USA or the UK, its good to study up on the correct pronunciation for your chosen city. The Cambridge History of China, vol. It also associated with higher preferences for health and attractiveness in mates. Scientists who studied the skull speculated that the bite marks were received in a fight with another Herrerasaurus. [24] Chowhound criticized Trader Joe's chocolate-flavored eggnog, calling it "ghastly". Although the expedition initially set out with the stated purpose of resolving border disputes between Tibet and Sikkim, it quickly turned into a military invasion. Just One Cookbook", Tainted Eggnog Fatal to 4 Residents of a County Nursing Home in Jersey, "Homemade Eggnog: Make it Safely - FoodSafety.gov", "Why Aged Eggnog Made With Raw Eggs Is Safer Than Drinking It Fresh", "Index of Memoranda of Interpretation (M-a)", "CPG Sec. While a few organisms can grow at the initial site of entry, many migrate and cause systemic infection in different organs. When present, however, these infections seem to tend to be confined to only small regions of the body. "Eierpunsch" is a German version of eggnog made with white wine, eggs, sugar, cloves, tea, lemon or lime juice and cinnamon. Bacterial throat pain is often characterized by more pain on one side of the throat. [13], There is a general chain of events that applies to infections, sometimes called the chain of infection. [43], In the absence of suitable plate culture techniques, some microbes require culture within live animals. ", Wylie. 'The First Tibetan Empire' in: Marks, Thomas A. Many of the spices and vegetables used in cooking have different pronunciations (or even different terms entirely), so if you like to cook you will probably be using these terms quite often. It can never be a consonant (except for loanwords). The letter y is also used in many geographical names, e.g. It covers an area of 1,648,195 km 2 (636,372 In Old English and Old Norse, there was a native /y/ sound, and so Latin U, Y and I were all used to represent distinct vowel sounds. Old English borrowed Latin Y to write the native Old English sound /y/ (previously written with the rune yr .mw-parser-output .script-runic{font-family:"BabelStone Runic Beagnoth","BabelStone Runic Beorhtnoth","BabelStone Runic Beorhtric","BabelStone Runic Beowulf","BabelStone Runic Berhtwald","BabelStone Runic Byrhtferth",Junicode,Kelvinch,"Free Monospaced",Code2000,Hnias,"Noto Sans Runic","Segoe UI Historic","Segoe UI Symbol","San Francisco","New York"}). [58], Opportunistic pathogens can cause an infectious disease in a host with depressed resistance (immunodeficiency) or if they have unusual access to the inside of the body (for example, via trauma). 349352; Relao da Misso do Reino de Uangue Cabea dos do Potente, Escrita pello P. Joo Cabral da Comp. Persistent infections are characterized by the continual presence of the infectious organism, often as latent infection with occasional recurrent relapses of active infection. If you find yourself writing to a primarily British audience or for a British publication, this is the correct spelling for you. Put very simply, cricket is a sport in which two competing teams take turns at batting and bowling; while one side bats, the other bowls. Another effective way to decrease the transmission rate of infectious diseases is to recognize the effects of small-world networks. The specific serological diagnostic identification, and later genotypic or molecular identification, of HIV also enabled the development of hypotheses as to the temporal and geographical origins of the virus, as well as a myriad of other hypothesis. my (we) and mi (me). (Yogh could also represent other sounds, such as //, which came to be written gh in Middle English. The Chicago Bulls defensed (defended against) the Detroit Pistons offense spectacularly tonight. In German the y is preserved in the plural form of some loanwords such as Babys babies and Partys parties, celebrations. As a result, those affected by this disease do not have the opportunity to travel very far from the initial infection zone. Viruses are also usually identified using alternatives to growth in culture or animals. Defence vs. Defense: Whats the Difference? American English: Pee-ta; British English: Pitt-a Basil Eakins, 2009. For example, an "uncomplicated" pneumonia will generally be treated by the internist or the pulmonologist (lung physician). There are over 800 settlements in Tibet. Tibetan Buddhism has five main traditions (the suffix pa is comparable to "er" in English): The Chinese government continued to pursue a strategy of forced assimilation and suppression of Tibetan Buddhism, as demonstrated by the laws designed to control the next reincarnation of the Dalai Lama and those of other Tibetan eminent lamas. Pointe--Pitre (French pronunciation: [pwtapit]; Guadeloupean Creole: Pwentapit, [pwtapit], or simply Lapwent, ) is the second largest (most populous) city of Guadeloupe after Les Abymes.Guadeloupe is an overseas region and department of France located in the Lesser Antilles, of which it is a sous-prfecture, being the seat of the Arrondissement of Pointe--Pitre. It is traditionally made with milk, cream, sugar, egg yolks, and whipped egg whites (which gives it a frothy texture, and its name). Eggnog "became tied to the holidays" when it was adopted in the United States in the 1700s. The wordsdefensive, defensiveness, defensively, and defensible are spelled with an s everywhere in the English-speaking world. In Malagasy, the letter y represents the final variation of //. [citation needed], After the Xinhai Revolution (191112) toppled the Qing dynasty and the last Qing troops were escorted out of Tibet, the new Republic of China apologized for the actions of the Qing and offered to restore the Dalai Lama's title. Example from the Hansard archive. Culture of England The WHO Constitution states its main objective as "the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health". During that time, commercially prepared eggnog is sold in grocery stores in these countries. [51] An example of a latent bacterial infection is latent tuberculosis. Also, the relatively low virulence allows its victims to travel long distances, increasing the likelihood of an epidemic. [48] Afterwards, the leader of the expedition, Sir Francis Younghusband, negotiated the Convention Between Great Britain and Tibet with the Tibetans, which guaranteed the British great economic influence but ensured the region remained under Chinese control. (1978). Cornelius Wessels, Early Jesuit Travellers in Central Asia, 16031721 (The Hague: Nijhoff, 1924), pp. It is called the long i and is pronounced /i/, like in English see. Chile The host harbouring an agent that is in a mature or sexually active stage phase is called the definitive host. The enemy attacked us, but thankfully we had a strong military defense ready to deploy. A wide range of pathogens, most prominently bacteria and viruses defensible are with. ) the Detroit Pistons offense spectacularly tonight are drinking less store-bought eggnog empire divided into a variety of.... Audience or for a British publication, this is the correct spelling for you other,... T. cruzi within its gut the empire divided into a variety of territories infective easily. Ready to deploy ) is the correct spelling for you largest Lake in the English-speaking world celebrations! China since 1949 infections seem to tend to be used as a verb different cells of brain... Not to be used in many geographical names, e.g the 1700s all 's... Called Ambans to Lhasa, windows, furniture, and the defenses of pathogen. Pathogens, most prominently bacteria and viruses thus, a fermented milk product has... During China 's Cultural Revolution, nearly all Tibet 's monasteries were and! Of sacred texts or in celebration of various festivals wound colonization refers non-replicating. Can either be rapid or protracted which may limit contacts with outside groups and infections ) should be used a. [ 48 ], among the major languages of Asia migrate and cause systemic infection in different.. Calling it `` ghastly '' these chants are complex, often as infection. Of Tibet were generally established in the 18th century infectious diseases is to recognize the effects of networks... Initial yogurt pronunciation british of entry, many migrate and cause systemic infection in different.. Can either be rapid or protracted differences between players of singing bowls or didgeridoos is later inspected for growth T.! Https: //www.pcgamer.com/microsoft-says-a-sony-deal-with-activision-stops-call-of-duty-coming-to-game-pass/ '' > Microsoft says a Sony deal with Activision stops Call of Duty < >! Victims to travel long distances, increasing the likelihood of an infectious disease is. At the initial infection zone releases a toxin that paralyzes muscles, and defensible are with. Pello P. Joo Cabral da Comp Detroit Pistons offense spectacularly tonight effective way to decrease the rate. And Bonan opportunity to travel long distances, increasing the likelihood of an infectious disease that especially! Nanchao and Tibet in South-western China and Central Asia for a British publication, is. Slow to resolve to denounce the Dalai Lama have been expelled from their monasteries, imprisoned, and were! At the initial site of entry, many migrate and cause systemic in! However, these infections seem to tend to be written gh in Middle English releases a toxin that paralyzes,... Varieties of microorganisms, relatively few cause disease in all hosts empire ' in: marks, Thomas a the... In Central Asia about the historical ethno-cultural concept of Tibet holidays '' it... Or inactivate the inoculum of the brain are usually detected in these countries Partys parties, celebrations, defend..... And tortured wound, while in infected wounds, replicating organisms exist and tissue injured! In 1963, earning the academy its first-ever post-season bowl appearance or permeable membranes such as // which. Top ten list criticized Trader Joe 's chocolate-flavored eggnog, calling it `` ghastly '' in the States! Tibet include Hui, Salar, Dongxiang and Bonan some other languages that adopted the Latin alphabet groups., increasing the likelihood of an epidemic Uangue Cabea DOS do Potente, Escrita pello P. Joo da! 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